ESSENTIAL  ITEMS  FOR  HIKERS  Items marked with an asterisk (*) are essential & should be carried in a suitable day pack.  Other items listed are useful but optional. A large plastic bag should be placed in the pack first in order to keep the contents dry. * whistle * waterproof matches in a waterproof container or a lighter * fire starter (Zip barbecue starter is excellent) * pair of dry socks packed in a plastic bag * high energy food like granola bars, nuts, dried fruit, candy * water in a suitable container, minimum 1 litre per person * small flashlight & spare batteries * rain gear * warm sweater packed in a plastic bag * warm hat packed in a plastic bag * first aid kit& * personal medications pocketknife bug repellant sunscreen & sunglasses compass (you should know, or learn, how to use it) topographic map of the area flagging tape, fluorescent colour sheet of plastic, ± 3m X 3m duct tape space blanket toilet paper